I-Peony yenye yeentyatyambo ezintandathu ezidumileyo zelizwe lam lakudala. Eyona "ininzi" kwintetho ethi "Phakathi kwamakhulu eentyatyambo, igama layo lelona lakudala" libhekisa kwi-peony. Igama elithi "peony" labhalwa okokuqala kwi "Shennong Bencao Jing" (i-Classic ye-Shen Nong ye-Materia Medica) ngexesha le-Qin ne-Han dynasties. Ngenxa yobume bayo obunomtsalane kunye nombala oqaqambileyo, i-homophonic kunye nomlinganiswa waseTshayina "婥約" (婥約), ochaza imbonakalo entle, kungoko igama elithi "shaoyao." Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "jiangli," "moguhua," kunye ne "lanweichun."
UCui Bao weJin Dynasty wabhala kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Gujin Zhu" (Amanqaku Ngamaxesha Amandulo Nanamhlanje): "Zimbini iindidi zepeony: i-peony ene-herbaceous kunye nepeony yomthi. Ipeony yomthi ineentyatyambo ezinkulu, ezimnyama{1}}ezinemibala kwaye idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yipeony." I-Tang Dynasty nayo yabhekisela kwi-peony njenge "peony yokhuni." Ngaloo ndlela, i-peony kunye ne-peony ziyaziwa ngokuba "iintyatyambo ezimbini ezibalaseleyo." Imilo yeentyatyambo zabo ziyafana, zohlukile kwindalo yazo yengca kunye nemithi. U-Li Shizhen wakha wathi, "Phakathi kwazo zonke iintyatyambo, i-peony ingowokuqala kwaye i-peony yeyesibini. Ngoko ke, abantu babiza i-peony ukumkani weentyatyambo kunye ne-peony umphathiswa weentyatyambo." Oku kwamisela iwonga le-peony njengomphathiswa weentyatyambo. I-Peony yimifuno engapheliyo eneentyantyambo ezinkulu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemilo. Abo banamagqabi ambalwa baquka i-single, i-lotus, i-chrysanthemum, kunye neefom ze-rose, ngelixa ezo zineepetali ezininzi ziquka i-terraced, i-laurel, i-ring yegolide, isithsaba kunye neefom ze-hydrangea. Iindidi zeentyatyambo zeemilo zinokufikelela ngaphezulu kweshumi. Iintyatyambo zidlamkile kwaye zinemibala emhlophe, eluhlaza, emthubi, epinki, eyelavenda, emsobo{12}obomvu, obomvu, kunye{13}}neentlobo ngemibala ezinemibala emfusa{14}ebomvu nepinki eyona mibala ibalaseleyo. Iipeonies ziyaqhakaza ngoMeyi ukuya kuJuni, ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yokuba iintyatyambo zepeony zazisetyenziswa kumaxesha amandulo ukuchonga amagama elanga eQingming kunye neLixia, abantu abathi "Khangela iipeonies kwiintsuku ezintathu emva kokuba iLixia isasazekile.
Iipeonies zizalelwa kwilizwe lam nakumantla eAsia. Ziyabanda{1}}ziyanyamezela kwaye ziyaguquguquka, kwaye ziyalinywa njengezityalo zokuhombisa. Zandulela iipeoni zemithi, ezisukela kwiminyaka engama-4,000 eyadlulayo. Njengelizwe elinezona ntlobo zityebileyo kunye nodidi lwe-Paeonia, ilizwe lam lithatha{6}}isinye kwisithathu seentlobo zehlabathi ze-Paeonia. Ke ngoko, ilizwe lam liziko lokuhambisa leentlobo ze-peony zasendle kunye neziko lokulima iintlobo ze-peony.
Imvelaphi yokulinywa kwepeony inokulandelwa emva kwiXia Dynasty. Ngexesha le-Wei, iJin, kunye ne-Southern and Northern Dynasties, ilizwe lam laqala ukwazisa kunye nokugcina iipeonies zasendle. "I-Jin Palace Pavilion" ikhankanya: "I-Jin Palace Pavilion ibizwa ngokuba yi-Huizhang, kwaye iibhedi ezintandathu ze-peonies zityalwe phambi kweholo." Iipeonies zazisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhombisa kwinkundla yasebukhosini. Ngexesha le-Sui kunye neTang Dynasties, iipeonies zaye zathandwa kakhulu, kunye nokulima kwanda kakhulu. Baqala ukubonakala kwimizi eqhelekileyo, kwaye imibongo enikezelwe kubo yaqala ukubonakala. Umbongo kaMeng Jiao othi “Ukujonga Iintyatyambo” ufundeka ngolu hlobo: “Ikhaya ngalinye linee-peonies, zithambile kwaye zithambile.” NgeNgoma yeNgoma, iintlobo ezintsha ze-peony zokulima izitiya zaqhubeka zivela. UWang Guan's "Yangzhou Peony Catalogue" urekhoda iintlobo ezisibhozo ezintsha, eziquka "Yuyi Huang," "Yanghua Guanzi," kunye ne "Yuanhuang Guanzi." Ngexesha le-Ming kunye ne-Qing dynasties, i-peonies yafumana ukuthandwa okukhulayo. Umbongo kaLiu Kai othi "Ukujonga iiPeonies eMpuma yesiXeko" uthi: "Ngaphandle kweSixeko saseXiaohuang, iipeonies ziyaqhakaza, kwaye ukukhanya kwasekuseni kubonakala rhoqo ngeekhilomitha ezintlanu okanye ezilishumi. Izindlu zimi ngaphambili nangasemva kweentyatyambo, kwaye yonke indlu ihlakulela njengemithi ye-mulberry kunye ne-hemp." Iipeonies zithandwa kakhulu. Sithetha nje, iindawo abazilima kuzo kwilizwe lam kuMntla weTshayina, iShaanxi, namazantsi eGansu, yaye zikwalinywa ngokubanzi kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50, kuquka iUnited States, iFransi, iNetherlands neJapan.
Nangona kulula ukukhula kunye nokugcinwa, i-peonies inenyama, iingcambu eziqinileyo ezinokuthi zithinteke ekukhutsheni kwamanzi. Amaqonga aphakanyisiweyo afanelekile ukutyala kwiindawo ezinobunzima bokuhambisa amanzi okanye imvula ephezulu.
Iipeonies zikhula ngokwamaqela kwaye{0}zikulungele kakuhle ukutyalwa kwiindawo ezinkulu, idala "iilwandle zeentyatyambo" eziphefumlayo. Kwiigadi, i-peonies inokudibaniswa namatye ukuze ibe nefuthe elibonakalayo. Iipeonies zinokusetyenziswa njengeentyatyambo ezisikiweyo emitshatweni. Ukukhankanywa kwangaphambili kwesi sityalo kunokufumaneka kwicandelo elithi "Zhengfeng" le "Ncwadi yeeNgoma": "Indoda kunye nomfazi, ngokuqhula banika iipeonies." I-Peony iye yaba sisipho phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini ngexesha lokuthandana kunye namaxesha okwahlukana, ebonisa isithembiso sothando okanye imvakalelo yokuvalelisa. Ke ngoko, i-peony ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "Jiangli," "Keli," "Heli," kunye ne "Licao," kwaye ibiluphawu lothando kwilizwe lam ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo.
Oku kubonisa ukuba i-peony sisityalo segadi esibaluleke kakhulu, esibonelela ngokugqwesa komhlaba kunye neenzuzo zendalo kwiigadi ezikhethekileyo, ukugcinwa kweendawo zasezidolophini, izityalo ezifakwe emanzini, iintyatyambo ezisikiweyo, kunye nezinye igadi kunye neenkqubo zezityalo.
I-Peony ikwaliyeza lemveli laseTshayina, elikhankanywe kuzo zombini "i-Shennong Bencao Jing" kunye ne "Shanghan Zabing Lun." Uphando lwanamhlanje lwe-pharmacological lubonisa ukuba i-peony iqulethe inani elikhulu lamacandelo ekhemikhali, kuquka i-terpenes, i-glycosides, i-tannins, i-polysaccharides, kunye ne-alkaloids, ebonisa iimpawu zokulwa ne-antibacterial kunye ne-antidepressant. Ikwasebenza kakuhle ekuphuculeni inkumbulo kunye nokugonyeka, kunye nokunyanga iimeko ezifana ne-palpitations kunye ne-asthma. Ngoko ke, igama lamandulo elithi "uthixo weentyatyambo" kwi-peony liye ladluliselwa kude kube namhlanje, kwaye kukho isiseko salokhu.
